Dr. Sakamoto
Dr. Mannava
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Gingival grafts are performed to correct mucogingival conditions such as recession, minimal or lack of attached gingiva, and pocket depths beyond the mucogingival junction. The goal of gingival grafting is to restore the gingival form and function, along with root coverage and gingival augmentation. Several indications for gingival grafts are:
1. Cover and protect the root from plaque, calculus, and root caries
2. Minimize tooth hypersensitivity
3. Improve esthetics
4. Increase zone of attached/keratinized gingiva
The success of gingival graft depends on these factors:
1. Periodontal health – inflammation needs to be controlled prior to grafting
2. Dimension of the defect (root exposure) – narrow defect s have greater success
3. Height of interdental bone – grafts will only take to the level of the adjacent papilla
4. Occlusion – occlusal trauma on the tooth being grafted must be eliminated
5. Muscle pull – anything causing the graft to move will affect healing
The following are different gingival grafting techniques:
1. Free Gingival Graft
2. Lateral Positioned Flap
3. Coronally Repositioned or Advanced Flap
4. Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft
5. Acellular Dermal Matrix
6. Guided Tissue Regeneration
7. Vestiibular Incision Subperiosoteal Tunnel Access (VISTA)
8. Pinhole Surgical Technique (PST)
